Toyota Hilux Engine
The Toyota Hilux engine has changed many times since the first Hilux model in 1968. The information here should help you understand your engine's model number and identify the engine in your Hilux (or the engine that it came with from the factory). Toyota has a distinct naming convention for their engines. They typically begin with a number followed by one or two letters, for example: 22R. Now, if that 22R engine had any options or factory modifications, these would be indicated with a hyphen and feature "code" letters, for example: 22R-TE. By looking at this number, we are quickly able to tell that this engine is a 22nd generation model from the R family of engines with feature codes T and E. It might sound confusing, but it's really quite simple. Take a look at these examples.
| 18R | 22R-TE | 5VZ-FE |
| 18R means the 18th generation of the R family of engines. This means there were 17 different generations (or models) of the R engine before this one. | 22R means the 22nd generation of the R family of engines with T-code and E-code features. In this case, T means turbo and E means electronic fuel injection. In other words, this is a 22nd generation model of the R engine with a factory turbo and electronic fuel injection. | 5VZ means the 5th generation of the VZ family with Economy narrow-angle valve DOHC (F) and Electronic Fuel injection (E). |
With that knowledge and a list of the feature codes, you can now tell what family an engine belongs to as well as its generation and features. Something to make note of is that the first generation of many engine families were not indicated with a 1 before the family name. For example, the original R engine was simply called the R, not the 1R. Likewise with the L family, the original L engine is known as the L, not the 1L. Some of the engine families follow this convention, while others don't. The UZ family is one that does, and therefore the original UZ engine is called the 1UZ. There's no real answer as to why some first generations are explicitly indicated (with the 1) while other are implied (without the 1).
R Engine Family
The R family was a series of inline 4-cylinder engines with sizes ranging from 1.5 to 2.4 litres. The Toyota Hilux engine models from the R family were the 2R, 3R, 8R, 12R, 18R-C, 20R, 22R, 22R-E, and 22R-TE.
BLUE = Non-US Market | RED = US Market | BLACK = Global Market (US and Overseas)
- 2R - 1968-71 Hilux
- 3R - 1969 Hilux
- 8R - 1970-71 Hilux
- 12R - 1971-78 Hilux
- 18R-C - 1972-74 Hilux | 1977-78 Hilux
- 20R - 1975-80 Hilux/Pickup (In 1976, the Hilux name became the Pickup in US markets.)
- 22R - 1981-88 Hilux/Pickup
- 22R-E - 1983-95 Hilux/Pickup (There were two versions of the 22R-E. 1983-84 and 1985-95.)
- 22R-TE -1986-88 Pickup
KZ Engine Family
The KZ is a 3.0 litre (2982 cc) inline 4-cylinder diesel engine. The Toyota Hilux engine models from the KZ family were the 1KZ-T and the 1KZ-TE.
1KZ-T specs:
- Bore: 96 mm
- Stroke: 103 mm
- Compression ratio: 21.2:1
- Maximum output: 93 kW (125 hp) @ 3600 RPM
- Maximum torque: 287 N·m (212 ft·lb) @ 2000 RPM.
KD Engine Family
The KD is an inline 4-cylinder diesel engine. The Toyota Hilux engine models from the KD family were the 1KD-FTV and the 2KD-FTV.
1KD-FTV specs:
- Size: 3.0 L (2982 cc)
- Bore: 96 mm
- Stroke: 103 mm
- Compression ratio: 17.9:1
- Maximum output: 125 kW (170 hp) @ 3400 RPM
- Maximum torque: 352 N·m (260 ft·lb) @ 1800-3400 RPM.
2KD-FTV specs:
- Size: 2.5 L (2494 cc)
- Bore: 96 mm
- Stroke: 93.8 mm
- Compression ratio: 18.5:1
- Maximum output: Standard - 75 kW (102 hp) @ 3400 RPM; Intercooled - 88 kW (120 hp) @ 3400 RPM
- Maximum torque: Standard - 260 N·m (192 ft·lb) @ 1600-3600 RPM; Intercooled - 325 N·m (240 ft·lb) @ 1600-3600 RPM
BLUE = Non-US Market | RED = US Market | BLACK = Global Market (US and Overseas)
- 1KD-FTV - 2000-Present Hilux
- 2KD-FTV - 2001-Present Hilux
VZ Engine Family
The VZ family was a series of V6 engines with sizes of 3.0 and 3.4 litres. The Toyota Hilux engine models from the VZ family were the 3VZ-E and 5VZ-FE.
BLUE = Non-US Market | RED = US Market | BLACK = Global Market (US and Overseas)
- 3VZ-E - 1988-95 Hilux/Pickup
- 5VZ-FE - 1995-04 Hilux/Tacoma (In 1995, the Pickup name became the Tacoma in US markets.)
